A doctoral dissertation is a detailed and extensive research document that presents original research and findings on a specific topic or area of study. It is typically the culmination of a graduate student's academic career and is required for the completion of a doctoral degree. A dissertation typically includes a literature review, research methodology, data analysis, results, conclusions, and recommendations for future research. The research area of a doctoral dissertation can vary widely depending on the field of study, but the goal is always to contribute new knowledge and insights to the academic community.